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Tewari, V. K.
- Hosts and the Pathogen - Species Combinations of the Genus Pythium in India
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Indian Forester, Vol 127, No 8 (2001), Pagination: 910-919Abstract
This communication embodies the checklists of hosts, their families and the diseases caused by various known species of the fungal genus Pythium in India.
- Digital Map-Based Site-Specific Granular Fertilizer Application System
Abstract Views :345 |
PDF Views:95
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, IN
2 Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, IN
3 ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, IN
1 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, IN
2 Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, IN
3 ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 111, No 7 (2016), Pagination: 1208-1213Abstract
Variable rate application is the process of applying different rates of crop inputs according to the variability within an agricultural field. Variable rate fertilizer application is a technology that regulates the fertilizer application rate based on site-specific needs within a field. A GPS-based variable rate fertilizer application (VRFA) system was developed, which consisted of a differential global positioning system (DGPS), micro-processor, micro-controller, DC motor actuator, power supply, threaded screw arrangement and fluted roller metering mechanism. The digital soil nutrient availability and application maps for targeted yield were also developed. DGPS was used for real-time identification of grids. Based on the microcontroller algorithm, application rates were varied by changing the feed roller exposure length. The observed fertilizer application rate was 5 and 300 kg/ha for exposure length of 0 and 44 mm respectively. The results indicate that the fertilizer application rate changes according to the prescribed application rate at the identified grid with coefficient of variation (CV) of 11.7-15%. The values of ischolar_main mean square error and relative difference of the system for different levels of application rates were 2.62 and 3.71 respectively. It can be concluded that the developed VRFA system closely meets the target fertilizer application rate at the selected grid point.Keywords
Differential Global Positioning System, Fertilizer Applicator, Interpolation, Micro-Controller, Soil Nutrient Map.Full Text
References
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- Tola, E., Kataoka, T., Burce, M., Okamoto, H. and Hata, S., Granular fertilizer application rate control system with integrated output volume measurement. Biosyst. Eng., 2008, 101(4), 411–416.
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- Kim, Y. J., Kim, H. J., Rye, K. H. and Rhee, J. Y., Fertilizer application performance of a variable-rate pneumatic granular applicator for rice production. Biosyst. Eng., 2008, 100, 498–510.
- Jung, I. G., Chung, S. O., Sung, J. H. and Lee, C. K., Development of map-based variable-rate applicator. In Proceedings of the KSAM Summer Conference, 2006, vol. 11(2), pp. 345–348.
- Forouzanmehr, E. and Loghavi, M., Design, development and field evaluation of a map-based variable rate granular fertilizer application control system. Agric. Eng. Int. J., 2012, 14(4), 255–261.
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- Fulton, J. P., Shearer, S. A., Higgins. S. F., Hancock, D. W. and Stombaugh, T. S., Distribution pattern variability of granular VRT applicator. Trans. ASABE, 2005, 48(6), 2053–2064.
- Sinfield, J. V., Fagerman, D. and Colic, O., Evaluation of sensing technologies for on-the-go detection of macro-nutrients in cultivated soils. Comput. Electron. Agric., 2010, 70, 1–18.
- Maleki, M. R., Holm, L. V., Ramon, H., Merckx, R., Baerdemaeker, J. D. and Mouazen, A. M., Phosphorus sensing for fresh soils using visible and near infrared spectroscopy. Biosyst. Eng., 2006, 95(3), 425–436.
- Swisher, D. W., Borgelt, S. C. and Sudduth, K. A., Optical sensor for granular fertilizer flow rate measurement. Trans. ASABE, 2002, 45(4), 881–888.
- Robinson, T. P. and Metternicht, G., Testing the performance of spatial interpolation techniques for mapping soil properties. Comput. Electron. Agric., 2006, 50, 97–108.
- On-The-Go Position Sensing and Controller Predicated Contact-Type Weed Eradicator
Abstract Views :258 |
PDF Views:91
Authors
Affiliations
1 Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, US
2 Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, IN
3 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, IN
4 CAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, IN
1 Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, US
2 Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, IN
3 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, IN
4 CAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 07 (2018), Pagination: 1485-1494Abstract
This article presents a robust contact-type weed eradicator based on position sensing, digital image processing and microcontroller for weed control in row crops. The imaging system determines the weed density between the crop rows using an image analyser developed in Visual Studio Open computer vision platform for use under varying illumination levels. Graphic user interface was developed for parametric adjustments of the image analyser. The image analyser conducts image analysis after image acquisition and the data is sent via computer serial to microcontroller for pulse width modulation controlled chemical release. Solenoid valves are employed for liquid release on sponge rollers. The contact-type technique overcomes losses due to chemical drift and percolation resulting in an efficient application. The machine locomotion sensing is done through an inductive type proximity switch. The developed system was calibrated in laboratory, followed by extensive field tests. The average weeding efficiency reported was 90.30% with lowest plant damage of 5.74% and 7.91% and high yield coefficients of 26.15 g/plant and 581.74 g/plant in two selected crops of groundnut and maize plantation. The technology saved about 79.50% of herbicide marking it as a robust and eco-friendly technology.Keywords
Contact Application, Graphic User Interface, Image Analyser, Locomotion Sensing, Microcontroller, Weed Density.Full Text
References
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- Sonar Sensing Predicated Automatic Spraying Technology for Orchards
Abstract Views :340 |
PDF Views:98
Authors
Affiliations
1 Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, IN
2 Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullwan, WA-99164, US
3 ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, IN
4 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, IN
1 Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302, IN
2 Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullwan, WA-99164, US
3 ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171 001, IN
4 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 6 (2018), Pagination: 1115-1123Abstract
Wastage of chemical inputs and environmental degradation have been a serious issues with conventional methods of pesticide application in agricultural and horticultural engenderment, resulting in fruit poisoning. A tractor-operated low-cost, ultrasonic sensor predicated selective pesticide sprayer was developed and tested for efficient spraying on the plant canopy and to abstain from spraying in canopy absentia. Sensing technology was interfaced with programmed Atmega328P for automatic spray control through pump, solenoid valves and nozzles. The sensing signals instigated the microcontroller system for desired spraying. The sprayer was evaluated with two different types of nozzles for optimal input resulting in best spray coverage and impact fruit infection. Water sensitive papers were used for estimation of spray characteristics. The turbo nozzle sprayer resulted in 47.41% of spray coverage, 171 drops/cm2 with 26% of pesticide savings and considerably prevented fruit infection up to 95.64%. This proved to be much better than hollow cone nozzle spraying. The technology was provisioned for boom height and nozzle angle adjustment as per canopy geometry. The ultrasonic sensor sprayer was designed for low cost and precise pesticide spraying especially for marginal farmers, thereby reducing both costs and environmental pollution by plant protection products.Keywords
Agricultural Engenderment, Efficient Spraying, Environment Pollution, Fruit Infection, Ultrasonic Sensing Technology.Full Text
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